CAUSE AND EFFECT

 

A | DEFINITION

Cause and effect text is a type of paragraph that contains the author's analysis of cause and effect. This paragraph begins with the causes which are outlined at the beginning of the sentence and is then drawn to a general conclusion which is the result of the described causes.

This cause and effect paragraph model is often used in writing essays and text explanations. This is because this model is considered to have a clear and structured flow of ideas, so that readers can easily understand it when reading it.

B | STRUCTURE

The cause and effect paragraph has the following structure:

a | Have a main idea on the topic of sentences that will be covered in the whole paragraph.

b | Have supporting details or supporting sentences in the form of causes.

c | End with a concluding sentence or a conclusion in the form of a result.

BECAUSE OF

Because of / due to is a preposition of a word or two-word conjunction, used before a noun or pronoun. Because of means by reason of, which is then followed by an object in the form of a noun or phrase, pronoun, or verb-ing.

Formula

because of / due to + noun (phrase) / pronoun / verb-ing

a| Because of/Due to + noun phrase

We were bored because of the speech. 

John was worried because of the rain. 

b| Because of/Due to + pronoun

It’s all because of me, he lost everything.

We should reflect on what we did all this time. I think he dropped out because of us.

c| Because of/Due to + verb-ing

Because of feeling happy, Edward sings loudly. 

Because of feeling sick, Tiara didn’t come to school today.

BECAUSE

Because is the subordinate conjunction or is a conjunction, which is used at the beginning of a clause or clause, before the subject and the verb. For the rules of using because + clause it must be followed or completed with the main clause because the word (because + clause) cannot stand alone.

Formula

Because / Due to the fact that + Subject + Verb / clause + main clause | main clause + because + clause / subject + verb

We were bored because the speech is too long. 

Because the film is not so good, I'm not happy  

Sinta makes a cake because her mother wants it. 

To find a cause, ask, why did this happen? *To find an effect, ask, what happen?    Example:    It rained, so I get wet.
Signal words   When we talk about cause, we use the following signal words:	Signal words   When we talk about effect resulting from a certain cause, we use the following signal words:
Because	As a result
The reason for	Then
On account of	Hence
Bring about	For this reason
Give rise to	Therefore
Created by	Outcome
Contributed to	So
Led to	Consequently
Due to	Finally
For this reason	In order to
Unless

Sentence	Cause and Effect Relationship
Sumatran tigers are almost extinct because people killed too many of them.	Cause: People killed too many of them Effect: Sumatran tigers are almost extinct
Haze is caused by massive forest burning.	Cause: Massive forest burning Effect: Haze
Since they are in love, they forgive each other mistakes	Cause: They are in love Effect: They forgive each other mistakes
Early man learnt to grow food, and as a result, their lives became easier.	Cause: Early man learnt to grow food Effect: Their lives became easier

 

    Let’s talk a look at the sentence structure of cause and effect.

    Due to, because of, owing to, and thanks so are followed by a noun

Due to	Noun
Because of
Owing to
Thanks so

 

    Because, since, as, for are followed by a verb.

Due to	Subject + verb
Because of
Owing to
Thanks so